Correlation of corrected QT dispersion with the severity of coronary artery disease detected by SYNTAX score in non-diabetic patients with STEMI

Introduction Determination of the QT interval dispersion by means of a standard ECG at rest has been widely used for cardiovascular risk assessment during the last 15 years as one of the recent explanations for the development of life threatening ventricular arrhythmias. However, little is known about the relation between QT dispersion and the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis as defined by SYNTAX score. Aim of work The present study was done to assess the correlation between QTc dispersion and the severity of coronary artery disease in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) detected by SYNTAX score. Patients and methods It included 50 patients who were non-diabetic, non-hypertensive and diagnosed as acute STEMI within 6 months undergoing coronary angiography in the cath. lab. of Assiut University Hospital. QT dispersion was calculated as the difference between the longest (QT max) and the shortest QT (QTmin) interval recorded by standard 12 lead ECG. The QT interval was corrected by using Bazett's formula (QTc = QT/square root of R-R interval in seconds). Corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) was defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum QTc for a given heart rate. The SYNTAX score is calculated by syntax calculator, a new tool to grade the complexity of coronary artery disease. Results Out of 50 participating patients, there were 43 (86%) males with mean age 53.9 ± 12.1 years. The mean QTc dispersion was 83.1 ± 20.3 ms, while mean SYNTAX score was 11.6 ± 6.1. There is a strong positive correlation between QTc dispersion and SYNTAX score. This was not related to age, gender, risk factors or family history of ischemic heart disease. Of note, there was a relationship between QTc dispersion and serum creatinine. Conclusions Our study concluded that there is a significant positive correlation between corrected QT dispersion and severity of coronary artery disease as assessed by SYNTAX score.